Type-printing telegraph apparatus for line and radio telegraphy.



A. N. HOVLAND. TYPE PRINTING TELEGRAPH APPARATUS FOB LINE AND RADIO TELEGBAPHY,

v LPPLIOMIDI IILED 10V. 17. 1911. 1; 1 1 1,695. Patented ept. 22, 19m

2 snnnrs snm: 1.

Wztnsqes: I'm/6222502."

I A. N. novmnn. TYPE PRINTING TELEGRAPH APYARATUS FOB LINE AND BADIQ TBLBGRAPHY.

APPLIO,lTIOI TILED I07. 11, lgll.

Patented Sept 22, 1914.

2 MEETS-SHEET 2.

.Radi .felegraphyrnn i the ollowing to be a full clear, and exact description of the invention, such'as will enable others skilled in the art to which sratr ss PAETENT osFIoE.

s ABRAHAM NILSEN HOVLANDLOI CHRISTIANIA, NORWAY, ASSIGNOR TO A/S HOVLANDS RADIOTELEGRAF, F CHRISTTANIA, NORWAY;

TYPE-Pm TING TELEGRAPH APPARATUS FOR LINE AND RADIO TELEGRAPHY.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 22, 1914..

gkpplication iiled November 17, 1911. Serial miceoyso.

v Zp all whom. it may cohc'em: .-;Be it known: that I, ABRAHAM NILSEN -Hovrhxn, a subject of the King of Norway,

residing at. Ghristiania, Norway, (whose postoifice' address is Thomas Heftyes gate 1S, Christiania, Norway,) have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Type Printin Telegraph Ap aratus for Line and I do hereby declare it appertains' to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawtflinigs, andgto'letters or figures of reference marked thereon,'.which form a part of this specification.

1 y; My invention relates to a. form of the re jjceiver system for exerting any one .of nul? 9 .merous possible distant actions by combinmg short-or long garment impulses'such as described in-rffiiy- U.--S.-, application No.

474490, in combinationwith an arran e-- 'ment for transmitting current impulses or telegraphin'g purposes for line telegraphy as-well as for radiotelegraph'y and with the of .ekey-board ruin a ty'pewriting nia-' c arrangement is-inentionecl-in'the 'abo've mentioned patent .33] "application,- ,wher e.- it is stated that it. is de- ,s1rab'le, if not exactly a necessary. condition "j-for.' enab1ing thiskind ,of characters to be 'usedentirely 'safisfnctorily, that there'should .be .used at the transmitting station a; transinittin'gnp ara'tns transmittihg with a conlilrity adapted-to correspond to 4 i 1 the contact cylinder of each key are arse s .the receiver.

Thus the present intention comprises a mm principle set forth in-mysaid prior 35 application and-according to which the arf'-. 'irii .ns mr l o mm mused t set fips'correspondingFMorse type. which'is" thereupon caused to -.perform a .relatn e 5%) "T ife'alr "'l 'y formed characters until the Morse.-

- movement with respect to some series of oints arranged as'Morse signals or type formed finds the corresponding ch'ar; a'c emf-whereb a= circuit {of an electromflg l is clos'ed, causingtlie correspond ng, letter s5 typeto jbe printed on a slip of paper;

Qtherwise the characteristic feature of tll]S fiPP11'1ltUS consists in the insertion, of a special device for producing a secret type,

a cryptograph, relating both to the transmitting and to tie receiving apparatus, and 'hlCll is set simultaneously for both. The cryptograph used in the present instance is e of a well-known construction and consists of a series of bars connected with the correspondm contacts 1, 2, 3, i, 5, 6 and bemg capali e of being brought separately,"'one by one, as desired, into contact with bars movable transversely of said bars and pros vlded with numerals from 1 to 6, whereby thecryptograph is set on a certain figure, in the present example 213546.

The construction and manner of operation of the telegraphnpparatu's will appear from the diagrams which will be explained in the following: 7!

The transmitting diagram is ho1n. in .E iguitenlsnnw"""-"" In the key-board ofthe transmitter are rovided 48'keys, each representing its own otter, numeral, .or signal. Each key has at 3! its top a button marked with the corresponding letter or signal. From the button extends downwardly a metal rod having beneath the key supporting frame member a. transversal metal cylinder for making con- 3: tact andat'the bottom a hook by which it is retained, by another hook after it has been pressed down, until the signal has been transmitted. The ho'olcisthen released by an electroniagnet after which the button is s! forced upward by a helical spring. Beneath ranged a number of contact springs forming -for-eachJa a special g1-onp or signal characteristic of the lgey in .questifiras-will :1p- 9.: pear from the'diagram.

In the accompanying drawing which shows a form of the apparatus,.Fig. l is a'diagram of the't-ransmittiug arrangement and Fig. 2 a diagram of the receiving ar- 1 ran ement. i

'- I a. key'is pressed down, for instance that which contains'the letter 56, the followingoperation will take place (Fig. 1): Contact is made from the spring 10 through the metal cylinder 11 and spring 12 whereby a currentpasscs from the battery 13 throng 1 the line 14, the coupling electromagnet 15, the line 16 and back to the battery 13.

' Thereby the armature 17 is attracted by 2 1,111,695 the magnet and begins to travel around, the coherer will react and the relay 11 ni uglnetbeing constantly driven' around make contact for the type printing re- 'wit a given uniform velocity by' means of lay 12. During the experiments it has n. clockwork and the bevel gears 18, 19. proved to bethe best to have a single slow With the-armature travels the contact arm relay, the type printin relay, between the. 79 with the two contact brushes, and the radio-tele aph appara us arid the ty e tellatter' will first glide across the contact 0. egraph. Ehe relay) 12 will than c ose a At this moment a current is passing from circuit of the local attery 14 for operatinfi 13 through -10, 11,. 12,1 1, the line 1 and theprintin mechanism and'a current wi V the contact Q ofthe sunflower switch, the pass from 5'18 battery 14 throu h line 15 75 rin 22, the'line 23 telegraph magnetP/i the tongue 13, conductor 16 tirough the c c an back to 13: Thereby the key '25 is auxiliary magnet 1'? through the screw 18, attracted and will transmit the first impulse double spring '19 the helical spring 1 20 I of current through the radio-transmittingconductor 21*, thecoupling. magnet 22 con- 15 apparatus shown below the key. The conductor 23 and back to the battery14 to 'tact arm thenmoves across the contact 1, drive the sunflower switch, Thereby the but without any operation taking place, as two magnets .will attract their armatures. there is no line between 1 and 11. The The coupling magnet or its shaft carries a arni-moves on across the contacts 2 and 3 helical spring that urges the armature into 20 without any operation taking place. But released position when the ma at is de- 85 as' the arm arrives at 4 the current is again energized.'.. The armature 24 o the auxilw closed and this time cm 13 through 10, iary' magnet willstrike against the book 11, the spring 26, the line 27, the crypto- 25 so that it will release the pin 26 on the graph-K, the line v28, through 4, 22, 23, 24 two armedlever 27, whereupon the spring 25 and to 13, and the radio-transmitti- -appa- 20 will pull lever 27 and the double 90 ratus' again transmit a short train 0 waves. 19. mounted on the tail of lever 'The'contact 'arm moves farther onacross be moved from the screw18 and toward the- ---6 1rithout any operation taking place like-- contact screw 28*. As the upper leaf of the wise across? and then arrives at- 8. The double 5 ring 19 touches the latter a cur- 30 current is then closed through 13, 10, 11, rentwil -be'established through the con-. 95 12. the releasing electromagnet 29,.th line ductor 29 to the-couplin magnet, and the 30, through the contact .8 the arm 20, conlatter, from now and urmg the :entire trust 8, the lines 32,16 and to -battery'13.. revolution, will receive its current this way.. Thereby the magnet-29 w release h hOClQ Tlglel reby becomes free tor use :tor 33, and the key ,5 shoots upgard. Thereb the imp f omrrent-that are intended to the connection 18 broken tween the cy set' the type wheel andsetup the Morse incl'cr 11 and the sprin ,10, 12 and 26, and-type. In order that current through the the-coupling magnet 5' looses its current eectromagnet'22 shall not be interrupted 'whereby the'armature 17. isipressed back duri the movement-of the-double spring 40 into inb erativ'e position by a spn around 19*, t e contact screws 18. and 28*arc so 105,. the she t'. .takes"place a li- 'ebefore adjusted may to s ring 19 that when ,,.the'lug34' of the armature strikes against t ver 27 is releases, the upper leaf ofthe stationary stopping his 5.-

firing 19 first contacts with screw 28 to ar'muture has been release fit follows the at for a moment leavesare in conshaft on account. offriction, until the lug tact with their respective screws, and then- 34 strikes against the lug.85. wh'ereb .the" become flexed sufiiciently to raise the lower armature is stopped just in itsiniti poleaf from its; screw '18. A sition. Thereby the letter hasbeen tele- The operation ofthe two ma ts takes graphed, that 1s to say, 2 impulses-have place during the first impulse o the trcnsbeen ti'ans'mittcd, via. the first and the fifth. mitter. During this-operation the contact 5 The next diagram Fig. 2 is'that of the rearm of the receiver asses the contact 0 At cei er. j g t -thecontacts'1,2 an 3 no. impulse istrans- /%he condition of up?) er cooperation mitted from the-transmitt ng station nor with the transmitter is p s y that the two will consequently ling1 perationtake place in clockworks should be set for the same'vethe receiver. At p e contact' 4:,however, 12o locity of rotation, that is to say, that, the there will again be an: impulse, and the recoupling magnets of both apparatus should lays will close the circuits whereby-a curhave the" same velocityof rotation. Secrent will as from the battery' 1 4 through ondly bothcryptographs must be set on the 15, 18", 6, throu h the auxihany magnet same numeral; In both diagrams the clryp- -1"( the conductor 0? the ring 31 the con.- 25 tpgr'am figure isseen to be'213546. ow tact;4,theconductor 82 the oryptogra h 1i we assume that 15 has been telegraphed .on the conductor 32? the magnet 33, the con- 4 the transmitterwhich letter consists of the; ductor 84 and the battery 14 The ar- 1st. and 5th impulse. When the first immature of the magnet 33 then strike 55 pulse strikes the aerial of the receiver the against the hook 35' thereby causing it to I noperative position by a small helicalspring. The contact arm 39 now moves onacross the contact 5 and 6 without any operation taking place, as no more impulses will arrive from the transmitter. On the contact armtarriv' at the contact 7, a circuit will be close from} the battery 40 through 41, contact 7 .contact arm 39, contact 7 wire 42 and the magnet 43, conductor 44, and to the battery 40. The magnet 43- will attract its armature and release the arm 44 which is mounted on the same shaft-as the contact drum and the. type wheel, and which locks these latter in their initial position. At the moment the arm 44" becomes free, a pawl on the same will be forced into, engagement withthe cog wheel 45 rigidly connected with the rope pulley 46 which is kept in uniform rotation by means of the. motor 47. Thereb the contact drum the type wheel 48, an the cog wheel 49 will suddenly be caused to rotate in the direction of the arrow. During this operation the characters formed by contact drum, until it arrives at the char-- Morse t e set up, that is to say, in this instance e brush 37, will glideacross the silver plates on the actor only containing the third break point -from the ri ht a circuit being then mofmentarily c osed from the ttery 50, throu conductor 51, brush 52, the character in question and brush 37, brush 53, line 54, magnet 55, and to the battery 50. The armature 56 of the magnet strikes against thehook 57 so that the latter will release the strong pawl-shaped steel member -58 which by the powerful plate-spring 59 will be thrown upward ,a ain'st the cog wheel 49 and engage the too corresponding to the Morse signal in question on the drum. There-.

by the steel member 58 is rotated about its shaft 60 carrying along with it the frame 51 rigidly connected to said steel member and having attached to it the paper strip and the printing roller 62, so that the latter will press the paper stripup against the letter type corresponding to the character on the=drum, in this instance 73, printing it on the strip As the lower arm of the steel member 58 is thrown forward, it strikes a ainst the arm 63 on the frame 64 for e acing the Morse type whereby the latter will force the arm 86 downward and thus bring the brush 37 outward from the contact drum. In other words as soon as the erformed its duty, it will Morse ty e has e arm 36 gets underneath per pro ection of the steel member 58 and push the same back to its initial position, until its lower end gets behind the hook 57 and is retained by the same. During this motion the pin of the cog wheel gets clear of the lever 66, and this occurs at the same time as the arm44 at-the other side of'the contact drum strikes against the book 68 on the magnet armature and is retained by the same. Thereby the pawl istreleased from the cog wheel 45, and the contact drum, the toothed wheel 49 and the type wheel will remain in'theirinitial position.

The'feeding of the paper is-periormed automatically during the return motion of the printing roller and the steel member 58, in the following manner: The paper feed roller 69 the object of which is to feed the paper stri forwardly a suitable distance (about 1 0 an inch) after each letter printing is mounted on the same sleeve 70 as the ratchet wheel 71 against which two pawls 72 and 73 p I are. pressing. Thelower pawl 72 isat? tached to a pin on the steel member 58 and follows the latter during its motion; .the other'pawl 73 turns about a pin at the front side of the apparatus. Against the paper stri and the paper feed roller 69 presses a swirl roller 74. As new the steel member 58 turns about its shaft. during the printing operation, the lower pawl 72 will press against the ratchet wheel7l and turn the latter, counter clock-wise one .tooth, while at the same time the upper pawl will slip across one tooth. Durin this operationalso the paper feed roller wi be turned and pull the paper so much downwardly as to hold it' t ght 'acrossa printmg roller without, however now pulling it oner the same. As

the steel member is retur'nedby the lever 66, the ratchet wheel 71 is stopped by the up per pawl 73 so' that it cannot-partake of the rotation about the shaft. Thereby the paper is held firmly clamped between. the two rollers 69 and 74 and it must therefore" be pulled over the printing roller 9. distance, as the latter moves downward. Thereby the paper is displaced on the printing roller a distance corresponding to the width of a letter-interstice.

To furnish all the lettertypes with ink is generally used an inking roller with a -coat of felt, which roller follows the lateral movement of the type wheel, when the latter is shifted to its position.

Theoperations 'lastlv described. i. e. the

letter printing, the eiiacin of the Morse type and the further feeding of the paper,

" We shall then see in take place from the moment the contact arm touched the contact 7 and until a distance before it reached its inoperative position. This movement is effected by the means. for rotating the magnet 22 and its attractedarmature, as described with reference to the like magnet and armature 17, Fig. 1. The contact armglides across the contact 8 without any action, as said contact is for the transmitter. When the arm has arrived at this point, spin 7 5 on the armature begins 4o arm pa ses across, the contact 1 a new imtacts 9.13 4, 5 audit.

- "gram what is to press against the long-pin 26 and force the samein a lateral direction; until it gets underneath the hook 'and is retained by the "same. Thereby the double spring'li) and the-screw 23 and therebythe current of the coupling magnet '22 is again broken, whereupon the armature .'-ofthis magnet will move away and be as the lug 7 5 strikes against the' stopped stopping lug I been returned to the initial position, and ready to receive a new ,the apparatus 15 letter. If new this letter is one of those that or the right type are sitliliated on fihelleftah d t d r it etypew ee as ea ymenione have to be set beforehand. This is dond inthe following manner :If for instance the key marked 2 is pressed down, impulses will be transmitted from the transmitting apparatuses its'coiitact arm glides across con- 'Of these the impulse through contact 1 is used to set the type wheel in osition, the four latter impulses being use for s'ettingup theMors'e type.

the transmitter diataking place in the receiver.

'On arrival of thefirst impulse the coupling magnet 22 and auxiliary magnet 17 are 0 erated asexplsined for the letter 15. As}, e-

pulse arrives. A current will then pass from the battery 14: through 15, 18, 16',

' through the magnet 17*,through 31 cone tract its armature 80 which with itsli will strike a met 1" cryptogra'ph K conductor-.77 through magnet 78,-conduct0r- 79, 84 and Mick to the .78 will then at battery. l t}. The magnet 81 inst a cross shaped late 82 supporting t e arm 83.- Thereby thissomewhat curved arm will fall down tumnrig on a screw 84 and being pulled dowuwa by the spring 85. Vertically underneath the arm 83 and transversely of the same is a shaft'86 which is; kept speedily rotating by means of the rope pulleys 87 and the motor 47. On the shaft is mounted underneath I each arm 83, a. wheel. 88 h avinpigiree teeth and also a crank 89. The t eet'oothed wheel is so ad'usted relatively to the arm 83 that its feet will en agetho inner side of the arni as this falls down, whereby the same, which is bent inwardly, will be pushed laterally outward. The crank 89 is conthe connection between 76. Thereby everything has- 1,111,eos

- stantly moved by pulley B7.

ture is attracted the arm 83 will. fall When armainto the path of'the three-toothed wheel 88,

any ,one of the teeth of which will move said arm toward arm 89. As soon as arm 89 engages arm 83 it movessaid arm back to initia position. The tyge in" opposite directions y "the magnet 79. Thereby the ri idl will turn the latter in its journals 9i and 92,

wheels are shifted a ma'gnet'adjacent mounted on the inclined shaft 90,

arm, which; is

whereby]. a cross arm 93' at the upperend of the s instance inwardly toward aft will carry the the toothed-wheel,

for the cross arm 93 has at its upper end a bifurcation with which it 9i on the t pe wheel.

guided in shown-1n rips over a sleeve .he type wheel is 96 (two are not our pins 95,

type wheel the figure). As the type wheelin this reuchesits innermost position, it is locked I there until the printingis done.

by a single small latch, and it will remain This latch v151 is lifted by a bar 152 on the printing frame against ,the action of spring 153; by'spring 153 beside the lower 93 and locks. said positions. 90, the arm 83 will at into its that it will again be ready for use.

The Morse type with respect to the The latch 151 is drawn down art of arm arm in one o After'having rotated the shaft once he turned upward its extreme its holding initial position by the crank 89 so is set up- 'as explained letter 6. Also the printin takes;place inthesame mannerlevery thing remaining inits wheel which is place sition. As now the steel place except ward, it relcases'the small latch that locked the type wheel in its. the wheel thereupon innermost position osition. This-1s efiected by means of a mfi'er arrangement at the middle of the the helical-spring 98,

bar 99 on the inlatter being turned in the cross bar 99 back the helical spring tensioned; on now is'. released after the printthe helical spring pushes the t is wheel back into herwisethe re- This figure is determined by the formula: v

If it is desired to enable the alphabets-to be variedstill more,-

the apparatus may be place as explained 8 yp I d in 1ts .1nnermos t 130-..100 member shoots upreturning to its middle which is i constructed for one impulse more whereby muses;

. he svpi z anh W g X7 ts 9 I w ll t en be, pos ibl to va y et een, v

away with. the shifting'mechanism of the type wheel and its contacts and conductors.

Such a. simplified apparatus is supposed .to-

' be particularly advantageous in fishing vessels, etc., where the. telegrapher-cannot be expected to be very skilled in the art. Further the electromotor driving the contact drum; and performing the automatic winding. up, may be replaced by a clockwork or the likc'in order to be independent of electric power for driving the motor. The

' clockwork, if desired, 'may again be combined with the clockwork rotating the coupling magnet The coupling magnet may.

- conveniently be "combined with the contact drum and both be mounted on the same shaft thereby enablinglthe mechanism to he simplified. On the w olethe present form of apparatus may be simplified in several .ways without departing from the main 1. In a telegraph 'syst emfineans for initinting signals-whose impulses are of given ing station for intervals, receiving mechanism ,set in operation by the reception of said impulses, means at the sending station for changing the intervals of sai impulses, means at the receiving station tocorrespondingly change the intervals of reception said intervals and impulses for each signal being completed in a single rotation of the receiving means, and mechanism controlled from 'the interval changing mechanism to reestablish the nor- 'malinterval relation between the impulses of a signal. r

2. In a telegraph system, means at 9. sendinitiatin'g signals whose impulses are of given intervals, adjustable means-for changing both the order of sequeries. and the time intervals between the impulses, receiving means at a receiving station set in operation by said impulses, means connected thereto for changing the time interval of received impulses arrangedto be The disks by leavlng out a numbero characters, numerals, etc., so that only the letters of the alphabet most'c'ommonly used, will be .left. All of these letters being placed around asingle .type ring thereby doing controlled by current impulses through said set in correspondence with the like means at the sending station, and printing mechanism set in operation'by said signal impulses and printing the signal after the i pulses have been received.

3. In a telegraph system, a sending stntion having key-actuated signaling means including a sunflower switch, and a cryptograph mechanism between the keys of said means and said switch; a receiving station having'a like sunflower switch set in operation by the im ulses received and like cryptograph mec anism, a, contact driun driven independently of saidswitch and controlled from said switch-and contact .devices coiiperating with the drum and actuated by current impulses through said switch and cryptograph mechanism.

4. In a telegraph system, a sending 'station having key-actuated signaling means including a sunflower switch which in one rotation sendsall the current impulses for a given signal, a cry tograph mechanism bctween the keys 0 said device and said switch; a receiving station having a like sunflower switch for receiving all the current impulses for a signal duringa single rotation, a like cryptograph mechanism connected to said switch, a contact drum, contact levers coiiperating with the drum and switch and mechanism, and printing mechanism controlled from said drum.-

5. In combination, a manual key-board, a synchronized. transmitter receiving im-- pulses therefrom "and associated cryptograph mechanism, a synchronized receiver and associatedc ptograph mechanism, a driven type-whee and electro-magnetic mechanism controlled'by the latter cryptograph mechanism for arresting the typewheel, and mechanism for moving a rccord strip against the arrested type-wheel.

6. Incombination, a manual key-board, a

synchronized transmitter receiving signal impulses therefrom,

a .cryptograph mechanism associated with the transmitter for controlling the order or time ,.interval or both of said impulses, a synchronized receiver and associated cryptograph mechanism for reproducing the impressed signals, a record s'tri holding and feeding mechanism, a plum ity of driven type wheels, and electromagnetic mechanism controlled by said cryptographs to position any one of the type wheels in operative relation to the recor strip.

7. In combination, a continuously rotating magnet, a local battery circuit, means operated by current impulses to connect said magnet in said circuit'to-cnergize same, a contact arm carried by the armature, stationary contacts swept by said arm, and electromagnetic mechanism controlled by the rotation ofsaid armature to breakthe circuit of said me et when eai'darmature has madesubstantially one rotation.

8. A sunflower switch, cryptograph mech-- anism electrically connected thereto I to change the sequence of the impulses, a'icontinuously rotating magnet, an armature magnetically carriedfby said magnet when energized to rotate the switch, means for ener ingthe magnet by current impulses, 1\ means, and contacts orse type-settin by; current impulses therefor controlle through said switch and cryptogragh mechanism, printing mechanism control ed from said type-setting. means and' rinting wheel-15 shifting mechanism controlled from said switch,

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention, I have signed my name in presence of two subscribin witnesses;

ABRAHAM;- NILSE HOVLAND. Witnesses:

HENRY HAsPnB;

Wommun 

